If you will find been just one immutable rule during American tv background, it has been local news. Just about from the moment the station very first signed on air, they commenced carrying local news wherever sports often performed An important role. A lack of regular programming resources in these early years led numerous stations to turn to athletics to fill their broadcasting schedules. The big apple's WNBT tv signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its first broadcast was an expert baseball match ("NBC Record", 2003). When developing nearby newscasts to match their viewers, these stations generally bundled sporting activities and weather. For instance, in 1961 WKMG started out its 1st whole-time information Section in Orlando. Newscasts include things like Frank Vaught's sporting activities experiences ("The record of," 2003).
Sporting activities have held a dominant posture in local information broadcasting for quite a few decades, but the latest field traits have termed into dilemma this posture. Segmented audiences, transforming demographics, and declining information profitability have pressured the station to reexamine its neighborhood sports activities segment. “Sporting activities is one of the past parts of Tv set in which individuals do things just how they generally have,” claims television govt Elliott Wiser. “(Currently) a whole new technique is needed” (Deggans, 2000).
Problem for Community Tv set News
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Challenge for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 two/3가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 seventy six%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 9월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 7% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and tv News Director’s Affiliation(“Shifting channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). Television 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 four~5개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Problem for Community Television Sports
None of this is Great news to the local tv sports sector, and that is more and more less than scrutiny from station execs. Even with its traditional existence within regional newscasts, sports have prolonged been considered a "tuning" issue. According to a survey via the Radio and Television News Administrators Foundation, only 31% of viewers mentioned they were being 'extremely intrigued' in sporting activities and 32% had been 'rather interested' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to 72% who expressed fascination during the climate. "Athletics are exceptionally polarizing." stated television information marketing consultant Brent Magid. “The majority can take, depart, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Scientific studies have revealed that women are much considerably less interested in sports than Guys (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and several stations have acted appropriately. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the Activity from its 스포츠중계 early night newscasts. According to station news director Jim Church, "Telling a story when nobody is listening is just not a fantastic usage of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have removed the Activity, while some have lessened their allotted time. Based on the day in the week (weekends have far more athletics time), athletics segments have ordinarily gained concerning a few and 5 minutes of community information protection. Since variety is right down to a couple of minute. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Reduce the time for sports by just a few in addition to a 50 % minutes for 3 hrs of reports. Other people within the business have implemented new strategies, which include athletics stories that target much more on individuals than scores or cater to a broader news audience. "What we are seeking to do now's deal with sporting activities as information," states KDKA news director Al Blinke. “We wish to do anything past sports” (Finder, 2002).
Dialogue
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 Television 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Changes in area athletics could be a mirrored image on the incredible upheaval going on in the course of broadcast news. Should the athletics sector is no longer Safe and sound, what about other information components? CBS Team News Vice chairman Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) stated, “[All this] forces us to reexamine the [news] design.”
On a far more quick amount, adjustments in the regional sports sector right impact Countless aspiring sportscasters. Stations which can be cutting down their commitment to athletics are lowering their sporting activities workforce ranges, which impacts The task sector. Yet another information director said, "[Sports activities on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two entire-time sportsmen to at least one complete-time, one particular answerable for the news 3 times weekly, and it absolutely was a fight to stay there.”
Equally significant, changes in the way in which athletics are offered are forcing sporting activities broadcasters to learn new strategies. No more can sportscasters center on scoring. They may have to make the presentation much more participating for regular enthusiasts. This is certainly also vital for journalism colleges across the country, which must document what stations want inside the athletics sector and update their education curricula.
Will these alterations get the job done or persist? Athletics journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented to the transform in KDKA, “Permit’s reserve closing judgment right up until September, if the Steelers, higher education, and high school football seasons begin in earnest. Then the station will be . There is an mistake in clock administration.”